Scientific Journal of Pazhuhesh-e Honar
دوفصلنامه علمی پژوهش هنر
PH
Art & Architecture
http://ph.aui.ac.ir
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2020
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مطالعه بازتاب چینیهای آبی و سفید در شاهنامه شاه تهماسبی بر اساس آرای ژرار ژنت
Studying the Reflection of the Blue and White Porcelain in the Shah- Tahmasebi’s Shahnameh based on Gerrard Gonette's Theories
هنرهاي تجسمي
هنرهاي تجسمي
پژوهشي
Research
<span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گسترش</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مفهوم</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متن،</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نوشتار،</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تنها</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مصداق</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متن</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نبوده</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پدیده</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تأویلپذیری</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">را</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میتوان</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بهمثابه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متن</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در نظر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرفت.</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ازاینرو،</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پدیده</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دارای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ماهیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متنی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">را</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بهکارگیری</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">روشهای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خوانش</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متن،</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میتوان</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">موردمطالعه قرارداد. </span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هدف اصلی </span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پژوهش</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">حاضر،</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مطالعه </span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">چگونگی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بازتاب چینیهای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آبی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سفید</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شاهنامه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تهماسبی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اساس</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آرای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ترامتنیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ژنت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">است. با توجه به این مهم،</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هدف</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اصلی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پژوهش نیز</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بررسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تحلیل</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">چینیهای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آبی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سفید</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تصویر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شده</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شاهنامه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یافتن</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نمونههای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مستند</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">چینیهای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مدنظر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مجموعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آثار</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">موزه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ویکتوریا</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آلبرت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تحلیل</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ارتباط</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آنها</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">منظر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نظریات</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ترامتنیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ژنت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">است.</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پژوهش</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">رویکردی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">توصیفی</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> - </span></span><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تحلیلی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">استناد</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">منابع</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کتابخانهای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">روش</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نمونهگیری هدفمند</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نظری،</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سعی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شده</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تا</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">چینیهای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آبی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سفید</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تصویر شده</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نگارههای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شاهنامه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شاهتهماسبی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نمونههای موجود</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">موزه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ویکتوریا</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آلبرت،</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">موردبررسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ترامتنی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">قرار</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گیرند.</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مهمترین نتیجه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پژوهش</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">است</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پایه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آرای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ترامتنیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ژنت،</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">رابطه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نگارههای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شاهنامه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شاهتهماسبی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بهعنوان</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بیش</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متن با</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">چینیهای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آبی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سفید</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بهعنوان</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پیشمتن،</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نوع</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بیشمتنیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">همانگونگی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">است.به عبارت دیگر، </span></span><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">چه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نگارگری</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ایران</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هیچ</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">وقت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بازنمایی صرف</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نبوده</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">جهان</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نگارگر</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تصورات</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خیال</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">او</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شکل</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرفته است؛</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اما</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برپایه</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آرای </span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ژرار</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ژنت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">فرض</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بیش</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متن</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بودن شاهنامه،</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">چینی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">های</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آبی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سفید</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ب</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ه عنوان</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پیش</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متن</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شده</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">است</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:BNazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">.</span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span>
With the development of the concept of context, text is not just the criterion of context, and any interpretability phenomenon can be regarded as context. Therefore, any contextual phenomenon can be studied using text reading methods. The main question of the present research is studying the way of reflection of blue and white porcelain in Shah- Tahmasebi’s Shahnameh based on Gonette’s transtextuality theories. Accordingly, the main purpose of this research is examining the blue and white porcelain depicted in this Shahnameh, and finding documented samples in considered porcelain in the museum collection of Victoria and Albert, and analyzing their relationship from the perspective of Gonette’s transtextuality theories. In this descriptive-analytical study, based on library sources and purposive sampling, it is tried to study and analyze the blue and white porcelain depicted in Shah- Tahmasebi’s Shahnameh paintings with the samples in the Victoria and Albert Museum transtextuality. The most important result of the research is that based on the Gonette’s transtextuality views, the relation of illustrations in Shah- Tahmasebi’s Shahnameh as hypertext with the blue and white porcelain as pre-text is of the same type. In other words, although Iranian painting has never been merely a representation and the painter's world has been formed by his imagination, blue and white porcelains have been used as pre-text based on Gerrard Gonette's theories and assuming the hyper-text of the Shahnameh.
هنر صفوی, شاهنامه شاه تهماسبی, چینیهای آبی و سفید, ترامتنیت, ژرار ژنت
Safavid art, Shah- Tahmasebi’s Shahnameh, Blue and White Porcelain, Transsexuality, Gerrard Gonette
17
27
http://ph.aui.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-997-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
salimeh
Babakhan
سلیمه
باباخان
sali.babakhan@gmail.com
10031947532846004675
10031947532846004675
Yes
دانشگاه هنر تهران
ساره
ملکی گیساوندانی
sareh.malaki@gmail.com
10031947532846004676
10031947532846004676
No
دانشگاه شاهد تهران